{"id":1334,"date":"2026-06-25T06:02:04","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T06:02:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/?p=1334"},"modified":"2026-06-25T06:05:35","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T06:05:35","slug":"worm-and-worm-wheel-for-elevator-and-lift-systems","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/zh\/worm-and-worm-wheel-for-elevator-and-lift-systems\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7535\u68af\u548c\u5347\u964d\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8717\u8f6e\u8717\u6746"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"max-width: 900px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 0.1% 2rem; font-family: -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,sans-serif; color: #1e293b; line-height: 1.75;\">\n<p><!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550 HERO \u2550\u2550\u2550 --><\/p>\n<div style=\"background: linear-gradient(125deg,rgba(10,37,64,.88) 0%,rgba(10,37,64,.55) 100%), url('https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Duplex-Worm-Gear-Set-1.webp') center\/cover no-repeat #0A2540; padding: clamp(36px,6vw,72px) clamp(20px,4vw,44px); border-radius: 12px; margin-bottom: 32px;\">\n<p style=\"font-family: 'JetBrains Mono',monospace; font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: 2.5px; color: #06b6d4; text-transform: uppercase; margin: 0 0 10px;\">Korea Ever-Power \u00b7 Application Engineering Guide<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"color: #fff; font-size: clamp(24px,4vw+8px,40px); font-weight: 800; line-height: 1.22; margin: 0 0 14px; max-width: 720px;\">Worm and Worm Wheel for Elevator and Lift Systems \u2014 Safety Guide<\/h1>\n<p style=\"color: #cbd5e1; font-size: clamp(14px,1.8vw+4px,17px); max-width: 660px; margin: 0 0 22px; line-height: 1.7;\">An elevator car carrying 8 passengers weighs 2,400 kg suspended by a steel rope wrapped around a traction sheave. Between the motor and that sheave sits a worm gear pair. If the pair allows reverse rotation, the car falls. Four verification steps \u2014 static, dynamic, vibration, and brake redundancy \u2014 determine whether the pair holds under every condition the building will ever produce.<\/p>\n<p><a style=\"display: inline-block; background: #F59E0B; color: #0a2540; padding: 12px 26px; border-radius: 5px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-size: 14px;\" href=\"#contact\">Talk to an elevator drive engineer \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550 QUICK ANSWER \u2550\u2550\u2550 --><\/p>\n<div style=\"background: #F8FAFC; border-left: 4px solid #F59E0B; padding: 18px 22px; margin: 0 0 32px; border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0;\">\n<div style=\"font-family: 'JetBrains Mono',monospace; font-size: 11px; color: #f59e0b; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\u5feb\u901f\u89e3\u7b54<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 0; color: #1e293b; font-size: clamp(13.5px,1.5vw+6px,15.5px); line-height: 1.7;\">Elevator worm gear pairs must pass a four-step self-locking verification: (1) static lock \u2014 lead angle \u03b3 must be at least 2 degrees below the static friction angle \u03c1_s; (2) dynamic lock \u2014 \u03b3 must be below the dynamic friction angle \u03c1_d that applies during motor cut-off deceleration; (3) vibration lock \u2014 \u03b3 must be below the reduced effective friction angle under building vibration (\u03c1_v \u2248 60 to 80 percent of \u03c1_s); and (4) brake redundancy \u2014 a separate mechanical brake must provide independent holding regardless of worm gear locking status. Elevator standards (EN 81-20, ASME A17.1, Korean KS B 6210) require all four conditions to be met simultaneously. Freight elevators use standard single-start pairs at lead angle 3 to 4 degrees. Passenger elevators increasingly specify duplex worm gear pairs for near-zero backlash, which eliminates the perceptible jolt at direction reversal and produces a smoother ride quality. Elevator machine room noise limits (typically 55 to 65 dB(A)) require ground worm surface finish of Ra 0.4 \u00b5m or better.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550 H2: WHY ELEVATORS USE WORM GEARS \u2550\u2550\u2550 --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"why-elevators-use-worm-gear-traction-machines\" style=\"color: #0a2540; font-size: clamp(22px,3vw+6px,30px); font-weight: 800; border-bottom: 3px solid #F59E0B; padding-bottom: 10px; margin: 48px 0 18px; scroll-margin-top: 80px; line-height: 1.3;\">Why elevators use worm gear traction machines<\/h2>\n<p style=\"font-size: clamp(14px,1.6vw+6px,16px); margin: 0 0 14px;\">Elevators in buildings up to roughly 30 floors and speeds up to 2.5 m\/s predominantly use geared traction machines \u2014 a worm gear pair between the motor and the traction sheave. Above 30 floors or 2.5 m\/s, gearless permanent-magnet direct-drive machines take over for efficiency and speed. But for the vast majority of the global elevator market \u2014 residential buildings, offices up to 15 floors, hospitals, freight elevators, goods lifts, parking lifts \u2014 the worm gear traction machine remains the standard.<\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 14px; margin: 20px 0 24px;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 220px; background: #F8FAFC; border-top: 3px solid #0A2540; border-radius: 0 0 8px 8px; padding: 16px 18px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; color: #0a2540; margin-bottom: 6px;\">Geometric self-locking<\/div>\n<p style=\"font-size: 13px; color: #475569; margin: 0; line-height: 1.65;\">The worm and worm wheel provides mechanical load-holding independent of electrical power or brake condition. If both power and brake fail, the self-locking geometry alone prevents the car from falling.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 220px; background: #F8FAFC; border-top: 3px solid #F59E0B; border-radius: 0 0 8px 8px; padding: 16px 18px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; color: #0a2540; margin-bottom: 6px;\">High ratio, compact machine room<\/div>\n<p style=\"font-size: 13px; color: #475569; margin: 0; line-height: 1.65;\">A single worm gear stage at 30:1 to 60:1 reduces a 1,750 RPM motor to the 30 to 60 RPM sheave speed required for 1.0 to 1.75 m\/s car travel \u2014 without needing a multi-stage transmission or a large-diameter direct-drive motor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 220px; background: #F8FAFC; border-top: 3px solid #06B6D4; border-radius: 0 0 8px 8px; padding: 16px 18px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; color: #0a2540; margin-bottom: 6px;\">Proven 100+ year track record<\/div>\n<p style=\"font-size: 13px; color: #475569; margin: 0; line-height: 1.65;\">Worm gear traction machines have operated in buildings since the early 1900s. Standards, installation procedures, and maintenance practices are mature and universally understood by elevator technicians.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"font-size: clamp(14px,1.6vw+6px,16px); margin: 0 0 14px;\">The efficiency trade-off (worm gear traction at 45 to 55 percent versus gearless direct-drive at 85 to 95 percent) translates to higher electricity consumption per ride. For a typical 10-floor office building elevator making 200 trips per day, the energy difference is approximately 15 to 25 kWh per day \u2014 roughly 3,000 to 5,000 USD per year in Korean electricity costs. Gearless machines save this energy but cost 3 to 5 times more in capital. Below 15 floors, the payback period for gearless typically exceeds 10 years, making the worm gear traction machine the economically rational choice.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550 H2: 4-STEP VERIFICATION (CORE UNIQUE ELEMENT) \u2550\u2550\u2550 --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"four-step-self-locking-verification\" style=\"color: #0a2540; font-size: clamp(22px,3vw+6px,30px); font-weight: 800; border-bottom: 3px solid #F59E0B; padding-bottom: 10px; margin: 48px 0 18px; scroll-margin-top: 80px; line-height: 1.3;\">Four-step self-locking verification protocol for elevator worm gear pairs<\/h2>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 24px; align-items: center; margin: 20px 0 24px;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1; min-width: 260px;\">\n<p style=\"font-size: clamp(14px,1.6vw+6px,16px); margin: 0 0 12px;\">Elevator self-locking verification is more demanding than any other worm gear application because four progressively stricter conditions must all be met. Each step catches a failure mode that the previous step misses. The four-step protocol below is the complete verification framework \u2014 passing all four steps is the minimum requirement for any elevator worm gear pair.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: clamp(14px,1.6vw+6px,16px); margin: 0;\">A pair that passes Steps 1 and 2 but fails Step 3 will eventually creep under building vibration. A pair that passes Steps 1 through 3 but lacks Step 4 brake redundancy violates every modern elevator code.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1; min-width: 260px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"width: 100%; height: auto; border-radius: 8px; display: block;\" src=\"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/worm-gear-working-principle-1.webp\" alt=\"worm gear self-locking principle for elevator traction machine safety verification\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- 4-step protocol as numbered cards --><\/p>\n<div style=\"display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit,minmax(200px,1fr)); gap: 12px; margin: 20px 0 24px;\">\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #059669; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 18px; position: relative;\">\n<div style=\"position: absolute; top: -12px; left: 16px; background: #059669; color: #fff; font-family: 'JetBrains Mono',monospace; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 800; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 4px;\">STEP 1<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; color: #0a2540; margin: 8px 0 6px;\">Static self-locking<\/div>\n<p style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #475569; margin: 0; line-height: 1.6;\">Verify: \u03b3 \u2264 \u03c1_s \u2212 2\u00b0<br \/>\n\u03c1_s = static friction angle (5-8\u00b0 for steel-bronze with grease)<br \/>\n<strong>Test:<\/strong> Loaded car at rest, motor de-energised, 4-hour hold. Zero creep = pass.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #0284C7; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 18px; position: relative;\">\n<div style=\"position: absolute; top: -12px; left: 16px; background: #0284C7; color: #fff; font-family: 'JetBrains Mono',monospace; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 800; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 4px;\">STEP 2<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; color: #0a2540; margin: 8px 0 6px;\">Dynamic self-locking<\/div>\n<p style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #475569; margin: 0; line-height: 1.6;\">Verify: \u03b3 \u2264 \u03c1_d<br \/>\n\u03c1_d = dynamic friction angle (3-5\u00b0 with oil film at operating temp)<br \/>\n<strong>Test:<\/strong> Running car, motor power cut at full speed. Car decelerates to stop without backward motion.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #D97706; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 18px; position: relative;\">\n<div style=\"position: absolute; top: -12px; left: 16px; background: #D97706; color: #fff; font-family: 'JetBrains Mono',monospace; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 800; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 4px;\">STEP 3<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; color: #0a2540; margin: 8px 0 6px;\">Vibration self-locking<\/div>\n<p style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #475569; margin: 0; line-height: 1.6;\">Verify: \u03b3 \u2264 \u03c1_v (= 0.6 to 0.8 \u00d7 \u03c1_s)<br \/>\nBuilding vibration from traffic, wind, HVAC reduces effective friction intermittently.<br \/>\n<strong>Test:<\/strong> 24-hour static hold in occupied building. Zero cumulative creep.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid #DC2626; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 18px; position: relative;\">\n<div style=\"position: absolute; top: -12px; left: 16px; background: #DC2626; color: #fff; font-family: 'JetBrains Mono',monospace; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 800; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 4px;\">STEP 4<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; color: #0a2540; margin: 8px 0 6px;\">Brake redundancy<\/div>\n<p style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #475569; margin: 0; line-height: 1.6;\">Mandatory regardless of Steps 1-3 result.<br \/>\nSpring-applied, electrically-released brake on motor shaft. Must independently hold 125% of rated load.<br \/>\n<strong>Code:<\/strong> EN 81-20 \u00a75.6.2 \/ ASME A17.1 \/ KS B 6210.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"font-size: clamp(14px,1.6vw+6px,16px); margin: 0 0 14px;\"><strong style=\"color: #0a2540;\">Why Step 3 matters most in practice.<\/strong> Steps 1 and 2 are straightforward for any properly specified single-start worm gear pair at lead angle 3 to 4 degrees. Step 3 \u2014 vibration self-locking \u2014 is the step that catches borderline designs. A building transmits vibration from multiple sources: road traffic, HVAC systems, wind-induced sway, construction activity on adjacent sites. Each vibration pulse momentarily reduces the effective friction at the worm-wheel contact, and each pulse allows a microscopic amount of creep. Over hours, the cumulative creep can become measurable \u2014 the car drifts downward by 1 to 3 mm per hour without any visible cause. In a passenger elevator, this drift misaligns the car floor with the landing sill, creating a trip hazard. In a freight elevator, the drift changes the loading height and may trigger load-cell alarms. Step 3 verification requires a lead angle at least 2 degrees below \u03c1_v (the vibration-reduced friction angle), which typically means lead angle below 3 degrees for standard steel-on-bronze with grease lubrication.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550 ENGINEERING DESK NOTE \u2550\u2550\u2550 --><\/p>\n<div style=\"background: #0A2540; color: #fff; padding: 24px 26px; border-radius: 10px; margin: 28px 0;\">\n<div style=\"font-family: 'JetBrains Mono',monospace; font-size: 11px; color: #06b6d4; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; margin-bottom: 8px;\">\u5de5\u7a0b\u53f0\u7b14\u8bb0<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 0; font-size: clamp(13px,1.5vw+5px,15px); line-height: 1.7; color: #cbd5e1;\">A Korean building management company reported intermittent floor-levelling errors on a 12-floor passenger elevator installed in 2019 \u2014 the car would park 2 to 4 mm below the landing sill after holding at a floor for more than 10 minutes. Maintenance inspections found the brake in good condition (spring force measured at 115 percent of specification) and the motor controller functioning normally. The investigation identified the root cause as vibration-induced creep at the worm gear pair. The worm lead angle was 4.2 degrees. The static friction angle with the installed grease was 5.8 degrees \u2014 giving 1.6 degrees of static margin (Step 1 pass). The dynamic friction angle was 4.5 degrees \u2014 giving 0.3 degrees of dynamic margin (Step 2 marginal pass). The vibration-reduced friction angle \u03c1_v was estimated at 3.8 degrees (0.65 \u00d7 5.8) \u2014 placing \u03b3 = 4.2\u00b0 above \u03c1_v = 3.8\u00b0 by 0.4 degrees. Step 3 failed. The building sat on a major road with continuous bus and truck traffic generating measurable floor vibration at 8 to 15 Hz. The solution was replacing the worm gear pair with a lower lead angle specification: \u03b3 = 2.8 degrees (q increased from 10 to 14 at the same module), providing 1.0 degree of margin below \u03c1_v. Replacement cost: 2,800 USD including installation. Post-replacement monitoring over 6 months: zero creep at any floor hold duration up to 2 hours. Lesson: Step 3 vibration verification is not theoretical \u2014 it catches real failures that Steps 1 and 2 approve.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550 H2: DUPLEX WORM FOR PASSENGERS \u2550\u2550\u2550 --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"duplex-worm-for-passenger-ride-quality\" style=\"color: #0a2540; font-size: clamp(22px,3vw+6px,30px); font-weight: 800; border-bottom: 3px solid #F59E0B; padding-bottom: 10px; margin: 48px 0 18px; scroll-margin-top: 80px; line-height: 1.3;\">Duplex worm gear pairs for passenger elevator ride quality<\/h2>\n<p style=\"font-size: clamp(14px,1.6vw+6px,16px); margin: 0 0 14px;\">Standard worm gear pairs have measurable backlash \u2014 typically 8 to 20 arcmin at the output shaft. In an elevator traction machine, backlash translates to a perceptible jolt when the car changes direction (from upward deceleration to downward acceleration, or vice versa at the levelling phase). The jolt is felt by passengers as a brief bump or shudder \u2014 physically harmless but perceptually unpleasant, especially in premium office and residential buildings where ride quality is a selling point.<\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 24px; align-items: center; margin: 20px 0 24px;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1; min-width: 260px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"width: 100%; height: auto; border-radius: 8px; display: block;\" src=\"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/worm-gear-set-detail-1.webp\" alt=\"duplex worm gear set detail for elevator smooth ride zero backlash\" \/><\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1; min-width: 260px;\">\n<p style=\"font-size: clamp(14px,1.6vw+6px,16px); margin: 0 0 12px;\">A duplex worm gear pair solves this by using a worm with slightly different lead on the two tooth flanks. The lead difference allows the centre distance to be adjusted via axial shimming \u2014 as the worm shifts axially, one flank tightens against the wheel while the other loosens. At the correct shim setting, both flanks are in simultaneous contact: zero backlash.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: clamp(14px,1.6vw+6px,16px); margin: 0;\">The cost premium for a duplex worm gear pair over a standard pair is 50 to 80 percent \u2014 justified in passenger elevators where ride quality affects tenant satisfaction and building value. Freight elevators and goods lifts rarely justify duplex specification because the operators are unconcerned with ride comfort.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"font-size: clamp(14px,1.6vw+6px,16px); margin: 0 0 14px;\"><strong style=\"color: #0a2540;\">Maintenance implication.<\/strong> As the duplex worm wheel wears over years of service, the zero-backlash condition drifts. Re-shimming (adjusting the worm axial position by 0.02 to 0.05 mm) restores zero backlash. The re-shimming interval is typically every 3 to 5 years for passenger elevators making 200 to 400 trips per day. A skilled elevator technician completes the re-shimming in approximately 2 hours \u2014 a routine maintenance task that preserves the ride quality premium for the life of the traction machine.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550 H2: NOISE AND SURFACE FINISH \u2550\u2550\u2550 --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"machine-room-noise-and-surface-finish\" style=\"color: #0a2540; font-size: clamp(22px,3vw+6px,30px); font-weight: 800; border-bottom: 3px solid #F59E0B; padding-bottom: 10px; margin: 48px 0 18px; scroll-margin-top: 80px; line-height: 1.3;\">Machine room noise and worm gear surface finish specification<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 480px; height: auto; border-radius: 8px; display: block; margin: 18px auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/worm-gear-detal-2.webp\" alt=\"worm gear surface finish detail for elevator machine room noise control\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: clamp(14px,1.6vw+6px,16px); margin: 0 0 14px;\">Elevator machine rooms in residential buildings sit directly above the top-floor apartments. The worm gear traction machine is the primary noise source in the room. Korean building noise standards (KS F 2812) limit machine room noise to 50 to 60 dB(A) depending on building class, and structural-borne noise transmitted to apartments below must not exceed 35 dB(A). These limits require the worm gear pair to operate quietly \u2014 which means controlling the two primary noise sources: gear mesh frequency excitation and bearing noise.<\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto; -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch; margin: 20px 0 24px; border-radius: 8px;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 620px; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; font-size: clamp(12px,1.5vw+4px,14px); background: #fff; border: 1px solid #E2E8F0; border-radius: 8px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"background: #0A2540; color: #fff; padding: 13px 12px; text-align: left; font-weight: 600; font-size: 12px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .05em;\">\u89c4\u683c<\/th>\n<th style=\"background: #0A2540; color: #fff; padding: 13px 12px; text-align: center; font-weight: 600; font-size: 12px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .05em;\">Standard pair<\/th>\n<th style=\"background: #0A2540; color: #fff; padding: 13px 12px; text-align: center; font-weight: 600; font-size: 12px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .05em;\">Duplex pair<\/th>\n<th style=\"background: #0A2540; color: #fff; padding: 13px 12px; text-align: left; font-weight: 600; font-size: 12px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .05em;\">\u5e94\u7528<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #0a2540; font-weight: 600;\">\u53cd\u5f39<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #475569; text-align: center;\">8 \u2013 20 arcmin<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #059669; text-align: center; font-weight: 600;\">0.3 \u2013 1.0 arcmin<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #475569;\">Duplex for premium passenger ride<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #F8FAFC;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #0a2540; font-weight: 600;\">Surface finish Ra<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #475569; text-align: center;\">0.4 \u2013 0.8 \u00b5m (ground)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #059669; text-align: center; font-weight: 600;\">0.2 \u2013 0.4 \u00b5m (lapped)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #475569;\">Lapped for residential noise limit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #0a2540; font-weight: 600;\">Noise at 1 m<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #475569; text-align: center;\">55 \u2013 62 dB(A)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #059669; text-align: center; font-weight: 600;\">50 \u2013 55 dB(A)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #475569;\">Duplex + lapped for \u226452 dB(A)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #F8FAFC;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #0a2540; font-weight: 600;\">Floor levelling<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #475569; text-align: center;\">\u00b15 \u2013 10 mm<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #059669; text-align: center; font-weight: 600;\">\u00b12 \u2013 3 mm<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #475569;\">Duplex for hospital bed lifts<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #0a2540; font-weight: 600;\">Cost premium<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #475569; text-align: center;\">Baseline<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #d97706; text-align: center; font-weight: 600;\">+50 to 80%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #475569;\">Premium justified for residential<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #F8FAFC;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #0a2540; font-weight: 600;\">\u7ef4\u62a4<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #475569; text-align: center;\">Annual backlash check<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #475569; text-align: center;\">Re-shim every 3-5 years<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 11px 12px; border-top: 1px solid #E2E8F0; color: #475569;\">Duplex adds 2h re-shim task<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"font-size: clamp(14px,1.6vw+6px,16px); margin: 0 0 14px;\"><strong style=\"color: #0a2540;\">Gear mesh noise<\/strong> scales directly with worm surface roughness. A hobbed-only worm at Ra 1.6 \u00b5m typically produces 65 to 72 dB(A) at 1 metre in a traction machine at rated speed. A ground worm at Ra 0.4 \u00b5m reduces this to 55 to 62 dB(A) \u2014 an 8 to 10 dB(A) improvement from surface finish alone. For premium passenger elevators, a lapped worm at Ra 0.2 \u00b5m further reduces noise to 50 to 55 dB(A). The surface finish specification is therefore not a mechanical performance choice (all three finishes deliver adequate torque capacity) but a noise performance choice driven by the building class and apartment proximity.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: clamp(14px,1.6vw+6px,16px); margin: 0 0 14px;\"><strong style=\"color: #0a2540;\">Friction coefficient consistency.<\/strong> An equally important reason for specifying ground or lapped finish is friction coefficient stability. The self-locking verification in Step 3 assumes a known friction angle \u2014 and the friction angle depends on surface roughness. A hobbed worm at Ra 1.6 \u00b5m has a wider friction coefficient range (0.06 to 0.14) than a ground worm at Ra 0.4 \u00b5m (0.04 to 0.08). The wider range means the worst-case friction angle is lower and the self-locking margin must be larger to compensate. A ground finish narrows the uncertainty band and allows a slightly more aggressive lead angle \u2014 or equivalently, the same lead angle gives more reliable self-locking margin.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"border-radius: 8px; display: block; margin: 18px auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/ever-power-workshop-1.webp\" alt=\"Korea Ever-Power workshop precision worm gear manufacturing for elevator traction machines\" \/><!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550 H2: THREE CASES \u2550\u2550\u2550 --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"three-elevator-oem-cases\" style=\"color: #0a2540; font-size: clamp(22px,3vw+6px,30px); font-weight: 800; border-bottom: 3px solid #F59E0B; padding-bottom: 10px; margin: 48px 0 18px; scroll-margin-top: 80px; line-height: 1.3;\">Three elevator worm gear pair specification cases<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"case-1-korean-freight-elevator\" style=\"color: #0a2540; font-size: clamp(17px,2vw+5px,21px); font-weight: bold; border-left: 3px solid #06B6D4; padding-left: 12px; margin: 30px 0 12px; scroll-margin-top: 80px; line-height: 1.35;\">Case 1 \u2014 Korean factory freight elevator: 3-tonne, 5 floors, standard pair<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-size: clamp(14px,1.6vw+6px,16px); margin: 0 0 14px;\">A Korean automotive parts manufacturer specified a worm gear pair for a 3-tonne freight elevator serving a 5-floor factory building. Car speed: 0.75 m\/s. Sheave diameter: 480 mm. Motor: 15 kW, 1,750 RPM. Required ratio: 42:1 (output 42 RPM). Worm gear pair: single-start, module 5, centre distance 160 mm, q = 12, lead angle 3.0 degrees. Self-locking verification: \u03c1_s = 6.2 degrees (grease lubrication), margin 3.2 degrees (Step 1 pass). \u03c1_d = 4.8 degrees, margin 1.8 degrees (Step 2 pass). \u03c1_v = 3.7 degrees (factory building, moderate vibration from press lines), margin 0.7 degrees (Step 3 pass). Separate spring-applied brake rated at 4,500 N\u00b7m (Step 4 pass). Material: case-hardened 16MnCr5 worm ground Ra 0.6 \u00b5m, centrifugal-cast phosphor bronze CuSn12Ni wheel. Machine room noise measured at 58 dB(A) \u2014 within the 65 dB(A) industrial building limit. Cost per pair: 1,850 USD. Standard pair, standard installation, standard maintenance \u2014 the workhorse specification for Korean factory freight elevators.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"case-2-japanese-passenger-high-rise\" style=\"color: #0a2540; font-size: clamp(17px,2vw+5px,21px); font-weight: bold; border-left: 3px solid #06B6D4; padding-left: 12px; margin: 30px 0 12px; scroll-margin-top: 80px; line-height: 1.35;\">Case 2 \u2014 Japanese residential passenger elevator: 10-person, duplex for ride quality<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-size: clamp(14px,1.6vw+6px,16px); margin: 0 0 14px;\">A Japanese elevator manufacturer specified a duplex worm gear pair for a premium 12-floor residential building in Osaka. Car capacity: 10 persons (750 kg rated). Car speed: 1.6 m\/s. The building developer required &#8220;grade A ride quality&#8221; \u2014 no perceptible jolt at direction changes, machine room noise below 52 dB(A), and structural-borne noise below 30 dB(A) in apartments directly below the machine room. Worm gear pair: duplex single-start, module 4, centre distance 125 mm, q = 14, lead angle 2.6 degrees. Lapped to Ra 0.2 \u00b5m for minimum noise. Backlash at delivery: 0.3 arcmin (effectively zero). Self-locking margin against vibration: 1.2 degrees (building is inland, low traffic vibration, residential quiet zone). Machine room noise: 51 dB(A) at rated speed. Structural-borne noise in apartment below: 28 dB(A). Both within specification. Cost per pair: 3,400 USD (duplex + lapped premium). Re-shimming scheduled at Year 4 and Year 8 of the expected 20-year traction machine service life. Browse <a style=\"color: #f59e0b; font-weight: 600;\" href=\"https:\/\/wormreducers.xyz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">elevator worm gear reducer<\/a> options for residential and commercial building applications.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"case-3-vietnamese-hospital-bed-lift\" style=\"color: #0a2540; font-size: clamp(17px,2vw+5px,21px); font-weight: bold; border-left: 3px solid #06B6D4; padding-left: 12px; margin: 30px 0 12px; scroll-margin-top: 80px; line-height: 1.35;\">Case 3 \u2014 Vietnamese hospital bed lift: 2-tonne, extended static hold, vibration concern<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-size: clamp(14px,1.6vw+6px,16px); margin: 0 0 14px;\">A Vietnamese hospital equipment contractor specified a worm gear pair for a bed lift in a 6-floor provincial hospital. The lift carried patients on wheeled beds between the emergency entrance (ground floor) and the surgical floor (4th floor). Critical requirement: the car must hold position at any floor for extended periods \u2014 a surgical emergency may keep the lift stationary with a patient on board for 30 minutes to 2 hours while the surgical team prepares. Car weight with bed and patient: 2,000 kg maximum. Speed: 0.5 m\/s (bed stability). Worm gear pair: single-start, module 4, centre distance 100 mm, q = 14, lead angle 2.6 degrees. The q = 14 specification gave a relatively fat worm with low lead angle \u2014 prioritising self-locking margin over efficiency. Self-locking verification: \u03c1_s = 5.8 degrees, margin 3.2 degrees (Step 1). \u03c1_d = 4.2 degrees, margin 1.6 degrees (Step 2). \u03c1_v = 3.5 degrees (hospital building on a busy road), margin 0.9 degrees (Step 3). Extended static hold test: 4-hour loaded hold with ambient vibration measurement confirmed zero creep. Brake: spring-applied, 125 percent rated. Material: standard case-hardened worm ground Ra 0.4 \u00b5m, phosphor bronze wheel. Cost per pair: 1,200 USD. Commissioned with full four-step verification report for hospital accreditation audit documentation.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1096\" src=\"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/worm-and-worm-wheel-application-1.webp\" alt=\"\u8717\u6746\u548c\u8717\u8f6e\u7684\u5e94\u7528 1\" width=\"1313\" height=\"1198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/worm-and-worm-wheel-application-1.webp 1313w, https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/worm-and-worm-wheel-application-1-1280x1168.webp 1280w, https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/worm-and-worm-wheel-application-1-980x894.webp 980w, https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/worm-and-worm-wheel-application-1-480x438.webp 480w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) and (max-width: 1280px) 1280px, (min-width: 1281px) 1313px, 100vw\" \/><!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550 H2: FAQ \u2550\u2550\u2550 --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"frequently-asked-questions\" style=\"color: #0a2540; font-size: clamp(22px,3vw+6px,30px); font-weight: 800; border-bottom: 3px solid #F59E0B; padding-bottom: 10px; margin: 48px 0 18px; scroll-margin-top: 80px; line-height: 1.3;\">\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u7b54<\/h2>\n<div style=\"background: #F8FAFC; padding: 24px 20px; border-radius: 12px; margin: 20px 0;\">\n<details style=\"background: #fff; border: 1px solid #E2E8F0; border-radius: 8px; padding: 14px 18px; margin-bottom: 8px;\">\n<summary style=\"cursor: pointer; font-weight: 600; color: #0a2540; font-size: 15px;\">Q: What is the typical service life of an elevator worm gear pair?<\/summary>\n<p style=\"margin: 10px 0 0; color: #475569; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.7;\">Elevator traction machine worm gear pairs are designed for 15 to 25 years of service at typical duty cycles (200 to 400 trips per day for passenger, 50 to 150 trips per day for freight). The bronze wheel is the wear element \u2014 it typically requires replacement once during the traction machine service life (at roughly 10 to 15 years). The steel worm survives the full machine life. Annual backlash measurement tracks wear progression: plan wheel replacement when backlash reaches 1.5 times the delivery certificate value. For duplex pairs, re-shimming at 3 to 5 year intervals maintains zero-backlash ride quality between wheel replacements.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"background: #fff; border: 1px solid #E2E8F0; border-radius: 8px; padding: 14px 18px; margin-bottom: 8px;\">\n<summary style=\"cursor: pointer; font-weight: 600; color: #0a2540; font-size: 15px;\">Q: Can a worm gear elevator be modernised to gearless without replacing the shaft?<\/summary>\n<p style=\"margin: 10px 0 0; color: #475569; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.7;\">In most cases, modernising from worm gear to gearless requires replacing the entire traction machine assembly \u2014 the motor, gear pair, sheave, and machine base are typically integrated into a single frame. The shaft dimensions, mounting positions, and sheave diameter are different between geared and gearless machines. However, for buildings where the machine room dimensions and rope arrangement can accommodate a gearless machine, the modernisation delivers significant energy savings (40 to 50 percent reduction in electricity per ride) and improved ride quality. The decision is evaluated on a per-building basis considering elevator speed, building height, daily trip count, and remaining building service life. For buildings below 8 floors with fewer than 100 trips per day, the payback on gearless modernisation rarely justifies the cost.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"background: #fff; border: 1px solid #E2E8F0; border-radius: 8px; padding: 14px 18px; margin-bottom: 8px;\">\n<summary style=\"cursor: pointer; font-weight: 600; color: #0a2540; font-size: 15px;\">Q: How does the worm gear pair affect elevator energy efficiency rating?<\/summary>\n<p style=\"margin: 10px 0 0; color: #475569; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.7;\">ISO 25745-2 classifies elevator energy efficiency from Class A (most efficient) to Class G (least efficient). Worm gear traction machines typically achieve Class D to E rating due to the 45 to 55 percent gear efficiency. Gearless machines achieve Class A to B. The gear pair efficiency is the largest single contributor to the energy class gap. Within the worm gear category, the difference between a well-specified pair (ground finish, optimised lubrication, correct lead angle) and a basic pair can be 5 to 8 percentage points of efficiency \u2014 potentially shifting the elevator from Class E to Class D. While this does not change the fundamental gear-type efficiency gap, it does reduce annual electricity costs by 10 to 15 percent within the worm gear machine category.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"background: #fff; border: 1px solid #E2E8F0; border-radius: 8px; padding: 14px 18px; margin-bottom: 8px;\">\n<summary style=\"cursor: pointer; font-weight: 600; color: #0a2540; font-size: 15px;\">Q: What lubrication does an elevator worm gear pair require?<\/summary>\n<p style=\"margin: 10px 0 0; color: #475569; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.7;\">Elevator worm gear traction machines are typically oil-bath lubricated (not sealed grease) because the continuous duty and heat generation require active cooling by the oil. The oil specification is typically ISO VG 320 or VG 460 synthetic PAG (polyalkylene glycol) \u2014 selected for thermal stability, low friction coefficient, and compatibility with phosphor bronze. Oil changes are scheduled every 3 to 5 years based on oil analysis (viscosity, acid number, water content). The oil level and condition should be checked at every annual maintenance visit. Using mineral oil instead of synthetic PAG increases the friction coefficient and reduces the self-locking margin \u2014 verify that the four-step self-locking verification passes with the actual installed oil, not just the factory-fill oil.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"background: #fff; border: 1px solid #E2E8F0; border-radius: 8px; padding: 14px 18px; margin-bottom: 8px;\">\n<summary style=\"cursor: pointer; font-weight: 600; color: #0a2540; font-size: 15px;\">Q: Are worm gear elevators still being installed in new buildings?<\/summary>\n<p style=\"margin: 10px 0 0; color: #475569; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.7;\">Yes \u2014 in large numbers. While gearless machines dominate premium high-rise construction (above 15 floors), worm gear traction machines remain the standard for the global majority of new elevator installations: residential buildings 4 to 12 floors, small offices, hospitals, schools, parking lifts, goods lifts, and freight elevators. In Korea alone, thousands of worm gear traction machines are installed annually. The technology is mature, cost-effective, and fully compliant with current elevator codes. The trend toward gearless is real but gradual \u2014 worm gear machines will remain in production and in service for decades to come.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details style=\"background: #fff; border: 1px solid #E2E8F0; border-radius: 8px; padding: 14px 18px; margin-bottom: 8px;\">\n<summary style=\"cursor: pointer; font-weight: 600; color: #0a2540; font-size: 15px;\">Q: How is floor-levelling accuracy affected by worm gear backlash?<\/summary>\n<p style=\"margin: 10px 0 0; color: #475569; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.7;\">Standard worm gear pairs with 10 to 15 arcmin backlash produce floor-levelling accuracy of plus or minus 5 to 10 mm at the car sill \u2014 adequate for most commercial and residential elevators where code requires plus or minus 10 mm. Duplex pairs with near-zero backlash improve this to plus or minus 2 to 3 mm, beneficial for hospital bed lifts (smooth bed-to-floor transition) and freight elevators with forklift access (tight floor alignment prevents forklift tip hazard). The floor-levelling controller compensates for some backlash by re-levelling after the car settles, but the re-levelling cycle adds 0.5 to 1.5 seconds to every floor stop \u2014 reducing throughput in high-traffic buildings. Duplex specification eliminates the re-levelling delay entirely.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550 CLOSING \u2550\u2550\u2550 --><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: clamp(14px,1.6vw+6px,16px); margin: 28px 0 14px;\">Elevator worm gear pairs carry a safety responsibility that exceeds any other worm gear application \u2014 every operating second, the pair holds a car full of passengers against gravity. The four-step self-locking verification protocol (static, dynamic, vibration, brake redundancy) is the complete framework for ensuring the pair holds under every condition the building produces. Standard single-start pairs at lead angle 3 to 4 degrees serve the vast majority of freight and commercial passenger elevators. Duplex pairs with near-zero backlash address premium passenger ride quality at a 50 to 80 percent cost premium. Ground or lapped surface finish (Ra 0.4 \u00b5m or better) serves dual purpose: reducing machine room noise to building-code levels and narrowing the friction coefficient uncertainty band for more reliable self-locking margin. For Korean and Japanese elevator manufacturers and maintenance companies, the four-step verification and the duplex option together cover the full specification range from basic freight to premium residential.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: clamp(14px,1.6vw+6px,16px); margin: 0 0 14px;\">For elevator manufacturers and building maintenance teams specifying worm gear pairs for traction machines, our engineering desk runs the four-step self-locking verification against your building vibration profile. Standard catalogue <a style=\"color: #f59e0b; font-weight: 600;\" href=\"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/zh\/product-category\/worm-and-worm-wheel\/\">precision worm gear sets<\/a> cover elevator traction machine sizes from 100 to 250 mm centre distance in standard and duplex configurations with ground or lapped finish. Submit a <a style=\"color: #f59e0b; font-weight: 600;\" href=\"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/zh\/contact\/\">elevator traction machine specification<\/a> with car capacity, speed, building height, and noise requirement.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550 CLOSING CTA \u2550\u2550\u2550 --><\/p>\n<div id=\"contact\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(135deg,#0A2540 0%,#143662 100%); color: #fff; padding: 36px 32px; border-radius: 12px; margin: 32px 0 0; text-align: center;\">\n<h3 style=\"color: #fff; margin: 0 0 10px; font-size: clamp(19px,2.4vw+5px,25px); font-weight: 800;\">Specifying a worm gear pair for an elevator traction machine?<\/h3>\n<p style=\"color: #cbd5e1; max-width: 620px; margin: 0 auto 20px; font-size: clamp(13.5px,1.5vw+5px,15.5px); line-height: 1.7;\">Send car capacity, speed, sheave diameter, building height, machine room noise limit, and whether duplex (zero-backlash) specification is required. We will run the four-step self-locking verification and recommend the correct lead angle, surface finish, and material pairing.<\/p>\n<p><a style=\"display: inline-block; background: #F59E0B; color: #0a2540; padding: 13px 28px; border-radius: 5px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-size: 14.5px;\" href=\"mailto:sales@worm-and-worm-wheel.com\">Request an elevator drive specification \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #94a3b8; margin: 24px 0 0; text-align: right;\">edit by cxm<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Korea Ever-Power \u00b7 Application Engineering Guide Worm and Worm Wheel for Elevator and Lift Systems \u2014 Safety Guide An elevator car carrying 8 passengers weighs 2,400 kg suspended by a steel rope wrapped around a traction sheave. Between the motor and that sheave sits a worm gear pair. If the pair allows reverse rotation, the [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2821],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1334","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-worm-and-worm-wheel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1334","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1334"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1334\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1337,"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1334\/revisions\/1337"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1334"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1334"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1334"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}