{"id":1348,"date":"2026-06-25T06:21:24","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T06:21:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/?p=1348"},"modified":"2026-06-25T06:21:24","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T06:21:24","slug":"worm-and-worm-wheel-for-overhead-crane-and-hoist-drives","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/ar\/worm-and-worm-wheel-for-overhead-crane-and-hoist-drives\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

<\/p>\n

\n

\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0641\u0631-\u0628\u0627\u0648\u0631<\/p>\n

\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/h1>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a. \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 FEM \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n
\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629<\/div>\n

\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0648\u064a (\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 2 \u0625\u0644\u0649 5 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a) \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 FEM (ISO 4301)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 FEM 1Bm (\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629\u060c 200 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627) \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 1.5 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 FEM 4m (\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u060c 4000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627) \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 2.5\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0643\u0644 6 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631. \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 2.5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 3.0 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0646\u0646 - \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 (\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n

\u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0643\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n

\n
\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629: \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0628\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u062d \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0628\u062d. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a (EN 13001\u060c ISO 4301\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f FEM) \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0628\u062d \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 95%\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0628\u062d \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 40 \u064855%\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 (\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a) \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 FEM - \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n

\u064a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 (FEM)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ISO 4301\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646: \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629). \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644 FEM \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 FEM<\/th>\n\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648<\/th>\n\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/th>\n\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n\u062a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0634<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1Bm (\u0636\u0648\u0621)<\/td>\n\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n\u2264200<\/td>\n1.5<\/td>\n\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 16MnCr5<\/td>\n\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631 (\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 1 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b (\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629)<\/td>\n\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n200\u2013800<\/td>\n1.75<\/td>\n\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 16MnCr5<\/td>\n\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631 (\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2 \u0645\u062a\u0631 (\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637)<\/td>\n\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0631\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n800\u20132000<\/td>\n2.0<\/td>\n\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 16MnCr5 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631 (\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a)<\/td>\n\u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3 \u0623\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0631 (\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644)<\/td>\n\u0645\u0643\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0643<\/td>\n2000\u20134000<\/td>\n2.25<\/td>\n\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 16MnCr5 \u0630\u0648 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0635\u0644\u0628\u060c \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 Ra 0.4<\/td>\nCuSn12Ni \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a<\/td>\n\u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4 \u0623\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0631 (\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b)<\/td>\n\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n4000\u20136000<\/td>\n2.5<\/td>\n\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 42CrMo4 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 Ra 0.4<\/td>\nCuSn12Ni \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a<\/td>\n3 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5 \u0623\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0631 (\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629)<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n6,000+<\/td>\n3.0<\/td>\n\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 42CrMo4 \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 Ra 0.2<\/td>\nCuAl10Fe \u0623\u0648 CuSn12Ni \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a<\/td>\n\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 1Bm \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 5m \u200b\u200b\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 (\u0645\u0646 1.5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 3.0)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u0633\u0651\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u0633\u0651\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629 5m \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 1Bm \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645. \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 1 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 2 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 3 \u0623\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 25 \u064850% \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 (\u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u064f\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f 18 \u0625\u0644\u0649 36 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626 - \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632<\/h2>\n

\"\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629. \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 0.5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1.5 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0624 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0624: T_shock = J_total \u00d7 (\u03c9 \/ t_stop) + T_gravity\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b J_total \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u03c9 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u062d\u060c \u0648t_stop \u0647\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u062d\u060c \u0648T_gravity \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0628\u064a\u0646 2.5 \u06483.0 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n

\n
\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/div>\n
T_lift = (SWL \u00d7 g \u00d7 D_drum) \/ (2 \u00d7 i \u00d7 \u03b7)<\/div>\n
T_shock = T_lift \u00d7 K_e \u00a0\u00a0 (K_e = 2.5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 3.0)<\/span><\/div>\n
T_required = T_shock \u00d7 SF_fem \u00a0\u00a0 (SF \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 FEM \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647)<\/span><\/div>\n
\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 T_required<\/div>\n
SWL = \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 (\u0643\u062c\u0645)\u060c g = 9.81\u060c D_drum = \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 (\u0645)<\/div>\n
i = \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u03b7 = \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c K_e = \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a.<\/strong> \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 10 \u0623\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 400 \u0645\u0645\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0647\u0627 50:1\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u0627 45%. \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 (T_lift) = (10,000 \u00d7 9.81 \u00d7 0.4) \/ (2 \u00d7 50 \u00d7 0.45) = 871 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626 (K_e) = 2.5. \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 (T_shock) = 871 \u00d7 2.5 = 2,178 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631. \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 3\u0645\u060c SF = 2.25. \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 (T_required) = 2,178 \u00d7 2.25 = 4,900 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 4,900 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 5.6 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 871 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631. \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 (\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f 1200 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0633\u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0639\u0646\u062f 408% \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626. \u0633\u064a\u0635\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u064f\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n
\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/div>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0632\u0648\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 20 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 15 \u0637\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a - \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 6.5\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 182 \u0645\u0645\u060c \u0634\u0643\u0644 ZN\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f. \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \"\u0645\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\": \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 6\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 180 \u0645\u0645\u060c \u0634\u0643\u0644 ZI. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0634\u0642\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 28% \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 - \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0634\u0643\u0644 ZN \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0643\u0644 ZI \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628. \u062b\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 6.5\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 182 \u0645\u0645\u060c \u0634\u0643\u0644 ZN\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629: 4200 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 1100 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\" \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c. \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645: 6 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 72%. \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 (ZA\u060c ZN\u060c ZI\u060c ZK) \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639<\/h2>\n

\"\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/p>\n

\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645: \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0651 \u0628\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 10 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
FEM 1Bm \u2013 2m (\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637)<\/div>\n

\u062f\u064f\u0648\u062f\u064e\u0629:<\/strong> \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 16MnCr5 \u0645\u064f\u0642\u0633\u0651\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0627\u064b (\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d 58-62 HRC\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628 30-35 HRC). \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634.
\n\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629:<\/strong> \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 (CuSn12Ni). \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637.
\n\u064a\u0646\u0647\u064a:<\/strong> \u062a\u0645 \u0637\u062d\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 Ra 0.8 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u061b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 Ra 1.6 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
FEM 3m \u2013 4m (\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627)<\/div>\n

\u062f\u064f\u0648\u062f\u064e\u0629:<\/strong> \u0645\u064f\u0642\u0633\u0651\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 16MnCr5 (3 \u0645\u0645) \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u0642\u0633\u0651\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 42CrMo4 \u0628\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 28 \u064834 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0648\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0644 C (4 \u0645\u0645). \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629.
\n\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629:<\/strong> \u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a CuSn12Ni. \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 15 \u0625\u0644\u0649 25 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629.
\n\u064a\u0646\u0647\u064a:<\/strong> \u062a\u0645 \u0637\u062d\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 Ra 0.4 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u061b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a FEM)<\/div>\n

\u062f\u064f\u0648\u062f\u064e\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 (\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 AISI 316L (\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629).
\n\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629:<\/strong> \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 CuAl10Fe5Ni5 - \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631. \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 CuSn12Ni\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b.
\n\u064a\u0646\u0647\u064a:<\/strong> \u062a\u0645 \u0637\u062d\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 Ra 0.4 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u061b \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 A4.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n
\n
\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/div>\n
\n

\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 FEM \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 FEM \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a - \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 1 - \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a: \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 8 \u0623\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c FEM 3m<\/h3>\n

\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u0629 8 \u0623\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628. \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644: \u0645\u0646 15 \u0625\u0644\u0649 20 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c 300 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 60 \u0625\u0644\u0649 80% \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 (\u062a\u0632\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 6.5 \u0637\u0646). \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 FEM: 3 \u0623\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0631 (\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629) \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 2500 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0642 60% \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629. \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 350 \u0645\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 50:1\u060c \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 44%. \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 = (8000 \u00d7 9.81 \u00d7 0.35) \/ (2 \u00d7 50 \u00d7 0.44) = 624 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626 K_e = 2.5. \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 = 1560 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631. SF (FEM 3m) = 2.25. \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 = 3510 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a: \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 6\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 160 \u0645\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0646\u0646 3800 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629: \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 16MnCr5 \u0645\u064f\u0642\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 Ra 0.4 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 CuSn12Ni \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a. \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635: \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0643\u0644 6 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0642\u0642: 6.5 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 2 - \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u0629 40 \u0637\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c FEM 4m\u060c \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a<\/h3>\n

\u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0633\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0626\u060c \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 40 \u0637\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631. \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 FEM: 4 \u0623\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0631 (\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627) - \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 18 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c 350 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 80 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100% \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 (\u062a\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644 20 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 24 \u0625\u0644\u0649 30 \u0637\u0646\u064b\u0627). \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 600 \u0645\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 60:1\u060c \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 42%. \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 = (40,000 \u00d7 9.81 \u00d7 0.6) \/ (2 \u00d7 60 \u00d7 0.42) = 4,672 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u062d = 3.0 (\u0643\u0628\u062d \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0643\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a). \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 = 14,016 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 (FEM 4 \u0623\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0631) = 2.5. \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 = 35,040 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631. \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f 17,520 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631). \u0643\u0644 \u0632\u0648\u062c: \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 10\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 250 \u0645\u0645\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 18,000 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629: \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u064b\u0627 (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ISO 12944 C4)\u060c \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 CuAl10Fe5Ni5 (\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643). \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 A4. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635: \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0643\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633. \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0645\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/a> \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 3 - \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a: \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 6 \u0623\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c FEM 2 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n

\u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 30 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 6 \u0623\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 FEM: 2 \u0645\u062a\u0631 (\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637) - \u0645\u0646 8 \u0625\u0644\u0649 10 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 200 \u0625\u0644\u0649 250 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 (\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 2 \u0625\u0644\u0649 3 \u0623\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0632\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0646 1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2 \u0637\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629). \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629: (6000 \u00d7 9.81 \u00d7 0.30) \/ (2 \u00d7 40 \u00d7 0.46) = 480 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631. K_e = 2.5. \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 = 1200 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631. SF (FEM 2 \u0645\u062a\u0631) = 2.0. \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 = 2400 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a: \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 5\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 125 \u0645\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 2600 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629: \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 16MnCr5 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 12 \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 (\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 - \u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646). \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c: 380 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 30 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a (580 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627) 6000 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635: \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641: 4 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 (\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 4 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a). \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647: 4.2 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n
\n
\n\u0633: \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0648\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629\u061f<\/summary>\n

\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639. \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645 q \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 10 \u064812 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644. \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0628\u062d. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 - \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062b\u0628\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 - \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0648\u064a. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\n\u0633: \u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639\u061f<\/summary>\n

\u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 FEM \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635: \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 1Bm \u06481Am\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 2m \u06483m\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 4m\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 5m. \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 3 \u0623\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0631 (FEM)\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 6 \u064812 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\n\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/summary>\n

\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 (SWL) \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0641 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 (FEM). \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a: \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0641 (\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c) = \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u00d7 g \u00d7 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 \/ (2 \u00d7 i \u00d7 \u03b7) \u00d7 K_e \u00d7 SF. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 4 \u0625\u0644\u0649 6 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629. \u062a\u064f\u0641\u0633\u0651\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \"\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\" \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 - \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\n\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/summary>\n

\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0628\u062d \u0642\u0631\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u064f\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 (\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629). \u062a\u064f\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0635\u064f\u0645\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0628\u062d \u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 1.5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2.0 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643). \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a: \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 (FEM 4m \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0642) \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 - \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 - \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u062e\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\n\u0633: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a FEM \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u061f<\/summary>\n

\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646: \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 10 \u0625\u0644\u0649 25 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 (\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629). \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ISO 4301 \u0648\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628 FEM 2 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641. \u0643\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a: \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 50 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 1Bm\u061b \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 50 \u0648200 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 1Am \u0625\u0644\u0649 2m\u061b \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 200 \u06481000 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 3m\u061b \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 4m \u0625\u0644\u0649 5m. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062e\u0637 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 2m \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062e\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0641\u0639. \u064a\u064f\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 FEM \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a - \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\n\u0633: \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0632\u0648\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u061f<\/summary>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u064f\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 (\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0628\u062d \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621)\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0628\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0635\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0628\u062d.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0634 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 FEM \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 - \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 - \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626 (\u0645\u0646 2.5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 3.0 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 - \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 4 \u0625\u0644\u0649 6. \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0634 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 - \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 (FEM) \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/a> \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 80 \u0625\u0644\u0649 250 \u0645\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 DIN 3974. \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 (\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627) \u0648\u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 4 \u0625\u0644\u0649 6 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 - \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639<\/a> \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 (SWL) \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 (FEM).<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0634\u061f<\/h3>\n

\u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 FEM\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 (\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629). \u0633\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 FEM\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 - \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 cxm<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Korea Ever-Power \u00b7 Application Engineering Guide Worm and Worm Wheel for Overhead Crane and Hoist Drives A crane worm gear pair that fails to hold is a crane that releases its load. Every person standing beneath a suspended beam, coil, or mould trusts their life to the self-locking threshold of a single gear pair. The […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2821],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1348","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-worm-and-worm-wheel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1348","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1348"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1348\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1351,"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1348\/revisions\/1351"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1348"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1348"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worm-and-worm-wheel.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1348"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}